Rubutun Lallabi Daga Tsarin Gudana Da Karfi Ruwa

A kuma yadda al'adu na energy a duniya ta canza zuwa ga kai tsaye mai amfani da shari, al'adu na infrastructure ce ta so ya canza kuma. Yadda dry-type transformers sun gaskiya a cikin al'adu na urban indoor, transformaɗa mai kaiyayyaci sun zama babban tukunin al'adu na renewable energy—kamar yadda ake amfani da su a al'adu na utility-scale solar, wind, da hydropower.

A 2026, yadda stability na grid ta zama mafi kyawawan kuma saboda nature na intermittent na renewables, al'adu na specialized features na oil-filled units sun zama mafi muhimman kuma.

1. Mafi kyawawan dissipation na heat don variable loads

Al'adu na renewable energy generation ba su dambe kamar yadda ake fahimta ba. Kamar yadda ake fahimta, solar farm ta samu peak a lokacin rana ta wasu, kuma wind turbines zasu samu maximum output a lokacin midnight storms. Wannan ya sa rapid thermal cycling .

• Natural Convection: Mineral oil ko natural esters suna amfani da su a matsayin coolant mai kyawawan kuma. Liquidi ya zama a cikin windings da cooling fins, kuma ya fara dissipation na heat mafi kyawawan kuma kafin systems na air-cooled (dry).

• Kudin Yanzu: Wani abu da ke cikin zaki mai tsami (oil-immersed units) yana iya gudanar da kudin yanzu na lokaci ta hanyar mafi kyau. Kudin yanzu na zaki mai tsami (thermal mass of the oil) tana aiki kamar "kudin gaba" (buffer), wanda ya ba transformeri damu in sanya kudin yanzu ba tare in gudanar da kudin yanzu na kudin gaba (heat spikes) ba tare in gudanar da kudin yanzu na kudin gaba (insulation damage) — wani abu da ke maimakon yadda kudin yanzu na kudin gaba (wind gust) ya haifar da kudin yanzu na kudin gaba (sudden surge) na kudin yanzu (power).

2. Kudin Yanzu na Kudin Yanzu (Resilience) a Cikin Wani Abin Da Ke Mafi Kusanci A Cikin Wani Abin Da Ke Mafi Kusanci (Harsh Remote Environments)

Mun faruwa daga kudin yanzu na kudin yanzu (most renewable energy projects) a cikin wani abin da ke mafi kusanci: wani abin da ke cikin kudin yanzu (offshore wind farms), wani abin da ke cikin kudin yanzu (arid deserts), ko wani abin da ke cikin kudin yanzu (high-altitude mountain ranges).

• Kudin Yanzu Na Kudin Yanzu (Hermetically Sealed Protection): Kudin yanzu (core) da kudin yanzu (windings) na transformeri da ke cikin zaki mai tsami (oil-immersed transformer) suna cikin kudin yanzu (completely submerged) da kudin yanzu (sealed). Wannan yana kudin yanzu (protecting) su daga:

  • Kudin yanzu (Salt spray) a cikin wani abin da ke cikin kudin yanzu (offshore environments).

  • Tsofoki da tsandara a kwayoyin solar na gida ta fuskara.

  • Kamar yawa a cikin wajen hydro-power na gida ta yaki.

• Tsunfe da Tsallafin: Tanks na zamanin yanzu an taimaka su da coatings na C5-M mai kyau ga zamani, wanda ke ba da 30 shekara na tsayi kuma a hali na yankin baya da kariya na hanyar kai.

3. Taimakawa ga Zamani na Kafa ga Grid Integration

Energi na gida ta daga abubuwa masu zama (misali: 690V don turbinin wind ko 800V-1500V don inverterin solar) amma ya kamata a sanya shi a yankin mataimaka (110kV, 220kV, ko kamar yawa) don karye kariya na kofin kofin.

• Zamani na Mataimaka: Zaaki shine babban maita'ace na dielectric don mataimaka (HV) da mataimaka mai yawa (EHV). Yanzu kuma units na dry-type suna da kariya ta yawa zuwa 35kV, amma transformers na zaaki suna iya kafa zuwa 500kV da kuma ƙasa .

• Matsayin Tafarka na Uku (MPT): A cikin tafarka na gari na yadda ake amfani da shi, tafarka na MPT mai tsami ta hanyar zuba ita ce "mataimakinsu" wanda ya saita ƙananan yadda ake amfani da shi daga kowane tafarka don samun kudin yadda ake amfani da shi a waje.

4. Kafa na "Gari" na Tafarka: Tsami na Ester

Wani matakan da aka saba kafin tafarka na zuba a cikin gari na yadda ake amfani da shi shine yadda ake amfani da tsami na zuba. A 2026, wannan ya kashe ta hanyar amfani da Tsami na Ester na Gari (Tsami na Abinci na Gari) .

• Kashewa: Tsami na ester da ke kashewa ba su da kyau ga rarraba da ruwa ba. Idan yadda ake amfani da shi ya faru a cikin tafarka na gari na yadda ake amfani da shi a cikin gari ko kuma a waje na kudin ruwa, yadda ake amfani da shi a cikin gari ba su da kyau ba.

• Yadda ake amfani da shi da kudin yadda ake amfani da shi: Matsaloli na ester suna da darajar yin kafin yin gaba daya na 300°C (yaya ne ~170°C don matsaloli na madara), wanda suka nuna su a matsayin "K-class" wanda ba za a yi shi gaba daya ba. Wannan ya bada imkani ga masu ingantaccen su a hada tsarin yin kafin yin gaba daya na matsaloli da tsarin yin kafin yin gaba daya na dry units.

5. Amincewa ga Smart Grid & Bi-Directional Flow

Tsarinen energy na renewable suna bukatar transformer don zama karfi kuma "dumb" iron core. Suna bukatar su haɗa da teknologiya na smart grid.

• On-Load Tap Changers (OLTC): Matsaloli na oil da OLTC suna ba da imkani ga masu amfani da grid su rarraba darajar voltage a lokacin yanzu ba tare yin fuskantar yin kafin yin gaba daya ba. Wannan yana da mahimmanci don rarraba darajar voltage wanda ke faru ne tare da kofin gida na solar farm.

• Integrated Monitoring: matsaloli na 2026 suna da DGA (Dissolved Gas Analysis) sensors da suka bayyana bayanai ga cloud, don haka yana ba da imkanin gida mai amfani ya kara tattalin arziki na assets na daga waje ta hanyar central dashboard.

Takardun: Kuma-kuma na Solar/Wind

Kammalawa

Yanzu kuma wani baya na "matsayin gaba vs. zaki" yana tsakanin, amma matsayin transformer mai zaki a cikin al'adu na kariya ya kashe, ba ya kare. Ya zama mafi kyawun abu don samun kariya a duniya saboda ya iya taimakawa ga ƙarfi mai ƙarfi, ya iya karye hanyar gaba na sautin gaba, kuma ya iya amfani da fluids na ester wanda suka zama mafi kyawun abu don al'adu.

Don al'adu na kariya wanda ke cikin gida ta yanki, inda kariya da kariya na fuskanci suna cikin shirin, transformer mai zaki yana cikin gida ta yanki wanda ke cikin shirin da ke cikin gida ta yanki.

Tambayoyi Masu Yawan Faruwa

S: Me ya sa mu amfani da tarihin da kaiyoyin nafta don al'adu na kariya ba tare da transformer mai gaba?

A: Babu wata babban sabon, amma saboda al'adu na kariya suna cikin gida ta yanki kuma suna bukatar taimakawa mai kyawun kariya a lokacin da kariya ta fiye. Al'adu na zaki suna cikin gida ta yanki kuma suna cikin gida ta yanki don kariya wanda ke fito a lokacin da kariya ta fiye a rana.

T: Kuma na ester suka shiga transformers yana da kyawun kari?

Y: Kyawun farko yana yawa ne ga mineral oil, amma suna kara kyawun kari daga bukatar kwalla mai tsoro na tsohon zafi da kyawun kari na kudin gaskiya.

T: Kamar yadda yake aikatawa na transformers na energy na gaba daya?

Y: Daga cikin rukuni na zamani da karewa da kuma koyon bayani na online, kuma aikatawa na fuskantar yana daidai ne kowane 3 zuwa 5 shekara , wanda koyon bayani na digital ta ba mu bayani na halin kari na 24/7.

Kana sauyi aiki na kafa na energy na gaba daya?

Gwamnatinmu ta ba mu transformers na oil-immersed wanda aka sanya su don aikatawa na inverter da aikatawa na grid-tie.