Gudunin Sizing na Transformer na Uku Fasas: Yadda a Za’a Samun Transformer kVA na Maki

Zabar daidai kwayoyin na uku daidai girma shirin da yadda za a saita transformer na uku kudada shi ne babbar abu a cikin kowane project na kurya. Transformer mai saitin daidai zai ba da kurya da kyau, zai taimaka wajen kara tsarin daidai, kuma zai kara kusancin kurya na farko.

Ina iya samun abubuwan da suka zuwa ne a cikin wani transformer mai saitin da ba shi daidai:

• Kurya ta transformer

• Kurya ta tsarin kurya

• Kusancin kurya mai yawa

• Kara yawan rabin zaman kansu

• Kashe na kayan aiki a lokacin da ba a manta ba

Amma, saitin transformer ba tare da saitin kariyar kVA mai yawa ba. Masu ingantaccin suka bukata koyon bayanin kurya, tsarin kurya, halin saita, hanyar karya, kuma bukatun kara karya.

Wannan shirin ya bayyana abubuwan da suka zuwa ne a cikin saitin da saitin transformer na uku kudada , ta taimaka mai amfani da transformer na yadda ake so don samunin al'adu, masu ingantin, da masu buyi na industriya.

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1. Wani ne transformer na uku kishin?

A kwayoyin na uku daidai shin wani abu na elektriki wanda ya tsaya da kuma yana bayyana energy na elektriki a cikin system na uku kishin ta hanyar induction na electromagnetic.

Yana canza shawara na voltage lakin yana gudanawa shawara na frequency.

Masu amfani da transformer na uku kishin suna amfani da su daga cikin lokaci da yawa saboda su iya gudanawa kishin na power wanda ke tsane da kyau da kuma yana nufin wani lokaci da yawa kamar yadda suka yi a cikin transformer na daya kishin.

Wannan shine misalai na amfani:

• Fabrikakun aikin ƙasa

• Saisuwa Shafin Rayuwa

• Lallabi nechaye

• Makamakai Kasar

• Masaba Da Jijjin Aikacewa

• Jiragen Sana'a

Wani transformer na uku kishin na yadda ake so yana da:

• Kishin na farko

• Kishin na biyu

• Kishin na magnetic

• Tsarin rufi

• Samsa system

Kishin na farko ya sanya power na elektriki, lakin kishin na biyu ya bayyana power a shawara da ke bukatar.

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2. Muhimmanci Na’urarin Da Suka Zama Bayani Don Zabta na Transformer na Uku Fasa

A cikin zabin transformer, masu ingantattun suna bukata yin tattaunawa na wadannan bayanan:

1. Kilovolt-ampere (kVA) na transformer

2. Fasalin na farko da fasalin na biyu

3. Yadda ake amfani da load

4. Tare daidaiya

5. Kayan Transformer

6. Yadda ke tsakanin impedance

7. Juyawar na gudun

8. Alamun da aka bukata

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2.1 Sanya kVA na transformer da aka bukata

Wani daga cikin mubarakin da suka zama babban aiki don zabin transformer shi ne sanya yadda ke tsakanin power capacity da aka bukata.

Don system na uku fasalin, amfani da wannan formula:

kVA = (Tension × Kurrɛnt × √3) ÷ 1000

Don:

• Tension = Tension na gaba-gaba (V)

• Kurrɛnt = Kurrɛnt na karama (A)

• √3 = 1.732

Misali:

Wani kasuwanci yana da:

• Tension: 480V

• Kurrɛnt: 300A

Kariya:

kVA = (480 × 300 × 1.732) ÷ 1000

kVA ≈ 249 kVA

Karamar da aka sanya shi ne ta hanyar fassara 250 kVA .

Amma, za a iya zango 250 kVA ta hanyar da ke nufin yadda zai dace.

Masu ingantin suka yi amfani da:

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Zurfi na gaba

Kullum al'adu na gida na sana'a suna taimaka wajen sauyin kwayoyin samunawa.

Al'adu mai kyau shine ajiye:

15%-25% kwayar da ke ba da shi

Misali:

250 kVA × 20%

= 300 kVA

Za a iya amfani da transformer na 300 kVA ta hanyar da ke nufin yadda zai dace.

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Yadda mota ya faruwa

Kullum al'adu na gida na sana'a suna da mota.

A lokacin gudunmawa, mota suka bukata:

4-7 kuma yadda suka iya bukata

Misalai:

• Pumps

• Compressors

• Fans

• Tsarin jigilar kayayyaki

Idan a sako so mota ta bukata a lokacin gudunmawa, transformer zai iya samu:

• Gyara Na Tafawa

• Kuskuren gudunmawa

• Kuskuren sauyi

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Tabularin tsarin tashin uku na transformer

Wannan jadu ya ba da alama mai zuwa don amsa na transformer.

Bukatar yadda aka bukata	Transformer da aka wakilci
40-50 kVA	75 kVA
80-100 kVA	112.5 kVA
150-200 kVA	225 kVA
200-250 kVA	300 kVA
300-400 kVA	500 kVA
600-800 kVA	1000 kVA
1000 kVA	1250 kVA

Yadda amsa na ƙarshen transformer zai daga cikin:

• Kyakkyun tsauyi

• Bakonayen zaɓe na motor

• Shirin Gudu

• Kullum tashin project

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2.2 Zaɓi tsarin yadda ake ƙirƙirawa ga voltage

Tsarin yadda ake ƙirƙirawa ga voltage na transformer ya nuna cewa transformer ya saita ko ya raba voltage.

Misali:

transformer na 10kV / 0.4kV

ya same:

Kariya na farko:

10KV

Kariya na biyu:

400V

Sukunin voltage na farko na industry:

Kayan kasa na medium voltage:

• 6.6kV

• 10KV

• 11kV

• 13.8kV

• 20kV

• 33kV

Kananin Yadda Kuma Ya Zama Babba:

• 400V

• 415V

• 480V

• 600v

A cikin wani lokaci na amfani da transformer, tabbata:

• Fitar da watsa

• Fitara Output

• Firiki (50Hz ko 60Hz)

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2.3 Zaɓa Matsayin Ƙarami ko Matsayin Ƙarami da Zucciyar

Wani daga cikin ƙarshen yadda ake zabi shi ne:

• Mai canza wutar lantarki mai bushe

• Mai canza wutar lantarki mai mai

Mai canza wutar lantarki mai bushe

Kwallonin ƙarfi na karama suka yi amfani da ƙarfi don yin sanyi.

Sun a amfani da su a cikin al’adu na:

• Gwamnati

• Ginin da ya fi tsayi

• Cibiyoyin Bayanai

• Tsarin indoor

Fa'idodi:

• Yana da ƙananan kansa na gado

• Babu fittilin tsaunin

• Ba a Yin Kula da Su Sosai

Tatsuniya:

• Karamin farko mai ƙarfi

• Yana da ƙananan ƙarfi na karama

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Mai canza wutar lantarki mai mai

Kwallonin ƙarfi na tsauyin tsauni suka yi amfani da tsauni na marmari ko tsauni na ester don yin karama da sanyi.

Wadannan ana amfani da su a:

• Masalitin

• Masaba Da Jijjin Aikacewa

• Kullumai na surul

• Ayyukan al'ada

Fa'idodi:

• Sanyin yawa

• Yana da ƙarfi na karama mai yawa

• Yana da karamin kuma per kVA

• Ƙasa mai son ruwa

Tatsuniya:

• Ya kamata yin amfani da kayan aikin zaki

• Kuma za a iya buƙatar kariya don gudunmawa

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Farko na transformer mai ƙarfi da transformer mai zaki

Faktar	Dry type	Mai zaki
Shigarwa	Domin	Daga Rano
Kapasiti	Karami-karami	Karami-yamma
Tasirin hanyar	Tsari	Mai
AMANI	Yi amfani da kariya don gudunmawa ta yau da kullun	Ya kamata yin amfani da kariya don zaki
Maintenance	Kashin daidai	Ya kamata yin test na zaki
Farashin farko	Kafin	Tsohon

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2.4 Za a zaɓa abin da ke ƙara gudunmawa

Kuma na transformer ta fuskanci daga kuma yadda za a iya amfani da shi da wani lokaci.

Muhimman yadda ake saukin kuma su ne:

Tsanfinsa da kaiyayya

ONAN

Oil Natural Air Natural

• Tafin Na Kuma Yadda Ya Zama Mai Gaskiya

• Saukai na gida

Yadda ake amfani da shi a cikin transformer na bayani.

ONAF

Kuma kuma na yawa da tsanen wani

• Ya amfani da fans na sauƙai

• Ya ba da ƙarfin yawa

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Tsanfayyakin kula

An

Air Natural

Saukai na gida.

AF

Air Forced

Fans na sauƙai suna taimaka wajen fuskanci na hanyar kuma.

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2.5 Yan kuma Zanen na Transformer

Zanen na transformer ta fuskanci:

• Tsayar Voltage

• Short-Circuit Current

Matsayin da ke da impedance ƙasa yana ba da:

• Kayan aiki na tsawo na voltage

Amma:

• Yanayin da ke da kari na fuskaka

Matsayin da ke da impedance wata:

• Yana gudunawa kari na short-circuit

Amma:

• Yana zama cause na kari na voltage drop

Matsayin da ke a cikin industriya na impedance:

4%-8%

Wani matsayin da ke da impedance daidai yana bukatar da kuma shi ne da design na system na protection.

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2.6 Koyi daga cikin yanayin da ke aikata

Koƙarin transformer yana da kariya akan ƙarshen bayanin wani lokaci.

Abubuwan da suka bukata su:

Tasirin Ambiye

Transformer na farko suka yi a cikin kuma suka raba:

40°C ƙarshen yadda ya zama yanzu

Yadda mai ƙarshi zai iya neman:

• Koƙari mai ƙarshi

• Koƙari mai ƙarshi na yadda ya zama yanzu

Fadamar Altitute

A wani ƙarshi na sarari:

• Koƙarin yadda ya zama yanzu ta gudan

Don sauyin a cikin:

1000 meters

kuma ake buƙatar ƙarfi na transformer da yawa.

Wuri na saukarwa

Duba:

• Saukowa a cikin gida ko a wajen gida

• Namiji

• Dumi

• Tatsuniya

• Alama na karya

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3. Kamarin sauyin zaɓa na transformer

Kamarin 1: Zaɓa na transformer tare da kuma yadda ake iya samun kuma

Ba a zaba transformer tare da kuma yadda ake iya samun kuma ba.

Yi amfani da kuma ake buƙatar fahimta:

• Zurfi na gaba

• Abubuwan da suka dace

• Kuma na kuma

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Kamarin 2: Gudunmawa na alama na kuma na motor

Kwayoyin da yawa zasu iya haɗawa da ƙarfi na kwayoyin da ke cikin lokaci mai ƙarfi.

Kowane lokaci shigar da:

• Tsunanin Kara

• Matsayin haɗin kwayoyin

• Hisab din gudun kwayoyin

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Kuskuren 3: Zama ta hanyar fihirin kwayoyin

Kwayoyin mafi kyau ba a kuma mafi kyau a cikin bayani ba.

Duba kwayoyin na farko:

• Kurudan hana

• Maintenance

• Dawo

• Tsarin Aiki

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Kuskuren 4: Gudun kwayoyin na wajen kwayoyin

Kuskuren na wajen kwayoyin zasu iya gudun kwayoyin na kwayoyin.

Kowane lokaci duba:

• Zazzabi

• Fadamar Altitute

• Wuri na saukarwa

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4. Tashin Tafiyar Zane na Transformer don Samunin EPC

Komeni da yanzu ka saba da tashin tafiyar zane na transformer, shigar da bayanin baya:

Bayani na Kafa

☐ Kwayar karama (kVA/MVA)
☐ Yadda karama na farko
☐ Yadda karama na biyu
☐ Farko
☐ Lambar fasaha
☐ Grupen fasaha
☐ Karamar kuma

Kayan Transformer

☐ Tashin kuma yawa ko ƙaramin yawa
☐ Tsarin kufa
☐ Karamin kopper ko aluminum

Shugaban Zanen

☐ A cikin gida ko a wajen gida
☐ Yadda yawa ta hanyar gida
☐ Farko
☐ Bayani na kufa

Maidanbunka

Tabbata:

• IEC 60076

• Kafa IEEE

• Dokokin gida

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5. Bayanin da aka gane sosai

Tambaya 1: Yaya zan iya kira tsaki na transformer na uku yadda?

Use:

kVA = (Tension × Kurrɛnt × √3) ÷ 1000

Sannu:

• Zurfi na gaba

• Yadda mota ya faruwa

• Shirin Gudu

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Tambaya 2: Kamar yawa kuma shi ne wani transformer ya kamata ya ba da kariya?

Kullum ayyukan masu amfani da gida suka yi amfani da:

kariya na 15% zuwa 25%.

Hakkin yadda kuma ya dace ya zama:

• Kariya na yadda kuma za ta zama

• Bukatu na Aiki

• Hanyar Samfara

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Tambaya 3: Ina kamata in sauri zuwa dry type ko oil immersed transformer?

Saurye dry type idan:

• A cikin gida ina bukatar in sanya

• Kuɗin ƙarfi na yadda ake kula da hanyar gudunmawa shine muhimmi

Za a zaɓa oil immersed idan:

• Yana bukatar ƙarfi mai ƙarƙashin

• Za a iya saƙa a waje

• Yana bukatar ƙarfi mai ƙarƙashin

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Tambaya na biyu: Wani abu ne da ke bukatar don samun bayani na transformer?

Sanya:

• kwamitin kVA

• Voltage Ratio

• Tsawon lokaci

• Misalin hanyar zuba

• Juyawar na gudun

• Alamun da aka bukata

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Kammalawa

Yi kewayyo labarai kwayoyin na uku daidai yana bukatar fahimtar ƙarfi, tashin kuma ƙarfi na gudunmawa da shawara ta yau da kullum.

Muhimmancin ƙadamaru su ne:

1. Sanya ƙarfi na kVA da ke bukatar

2. Ziyo ƙarfi mai ƙarƙashin

3. Kara kamarin yadda mota ta fara

4. Zaɓa ƙaramin yadda na amfani da shi

5. Zaɓa ƙarfin ƙarfi na saukin hanyar taimaka da ƙaramin yadda

6. Tabbata kuma yadda ake amfani da shi

Don masu amfani da EPC da masu amfani a cikin ƙasa, ƙaramin yadda mai kyau ba ne kamar yadda mai ƙananan ko yadda mai ƙananan. Wani ƙaramin yadda mai kyau ne wanda ya nufi kuma yadda mai kyau da kuma yadda mai kyau a daban-daban.

Kuna bukata taimakawa don zaɓa ƙaramin yadda na uku?

Munyi taimakawa don:

• Zaɓa ƙaramin yadda

• Zaɓa yadda na amfani da shi

• IC/ANSI

• Amsaƙarorin da aka ƙara kuma amsaƙarorin da aka ƙara

Kula da mahaɗin amsaƙarorin da mu ta yadda zan iya taimaka.

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